Radar for defense and air navigation
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RADAR FOR DEFENSE AND AIR NAVIGATION PROFESSIONAL
Penn State Professional Masters Degree in GIS: Winner of the 2009 Sloan Consortium award for Most Outstanding Online Program Dutton e-Education Institute College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University. Dutton e-Education Institute and Assistant Program Manager for Online Geospatial Education, and Adrienne Goldsberry, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute, Beth King, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute Ryan Baxter, Senior Research Assistant, John A. Instructors and contributors: Jim Sloan, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute, and Director of Education, Industry Solutions, Esri. Rough surfaces, such as vegetated agricultural fields, tend to scatter the pulse in many directions, increasing the chance that some back scatter will return to the sensor.Īuthor: David DiBiase, Senior Lecturer, John A. Smooth objects, such as water bodies, are highly reflective, but unless they are perpendicular to the direction of the incoming pulse, the reflected energy all bounces off at an angle and never returns to the sensor. In general, rough-textured objects reflect more energy back to the sensor than smooth objects. Radar images look the way they do because of the different ways that objects reflect microwave energy. In addition to its indispensable role in navigation, radar is also an important source of raster image data about the Earth's surface. Systems that record pulse intensity are called imaging radars. Since both the magnitude of energy transmitted and its velocity (the speed of light) are known, radar systems are able to record either the intensity or the round-trip distance traveled of pulses reflected back to the sensor. Radar antennas alternately transmit and receive pulses of microwave energy. Radar was developed as an air defense system during World War II and is now the primary remote sensing system air traffic controllers use to track the 40,000 daily aircraft takeoffs and landings in the U.S. One example of active remote sensing that everyone has heard of is radar, which stands for RAdio Detection And Ranging.